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This project aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of a CO2 utilization process for producing carbon monoxide and a variety of other useful products based on reduction of CO2 using abundant low-value carbon sources such as petcoke, sub-bituminous coal, lignite, and biomass. The chemical process is based on the reverse Boudouard reaction, in which carbon (C) reduces CO2 to produce carbon monoxide (CO). The reduced product (CO) can then be used to create other chemicals. A preliminary techno-economic analysis for the process showed that it had a promising rate of return on investment. The project also included an investigation of direct chemical production using CO2; specifically, the potential for producing ethylene and dry reforming of methane. Several catalysts developed and optimized in this project demonstrated production of ethylene at temperatures between 800°C and 900°C. For dry reforming, a catalyst formulation developed on this project demonstrated reactivity at temperatures between 500°C and 600°C. These results show that with suitable catalysts, CO2 utilization can be used to produce many of the large volume commodity chemicals currently manufactured.

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Process flow diagram for CO2 conversion
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Principal Investigator
Brian Turk
bst@rti.org
Project Benefits

Development of the proposed technology supports NETL’s Carbon Storage Program goal of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by utilizing CO2 to produce useful products. The proposed technology provides fossil fuel-based power plants an alternative means for mitigating their GHG emissions. Additionally, if fully utilized, the technology could help increase U.S. energy security and independence.

Project ID
FE0004329
Website
Research Triangle Institute
http://www.rti.org/