9.4. Carbon Dioxide Use and Storage in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Projects

The Great Plains Synfuels Plant has long been gasifying coal to produce synthetic natural gas and ammonia, and capturing carbon dioxide (CO₂) which is pipelined to Canada for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in the Weyburn oil field. Several new integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC)-based projects in the United States will be greatly expanding the scope of CO₂ capture and use/storage.

Kemper County Energy Facility
Mississippi Power's Kemper County facility is in late stages of construction. It will be a lignite-fuel IGCC plant, generating a net 524 MW of power from syngas, while capturing over 65% of CO₂ generated. The CO₂ will be sent by pipeline to depleted oil fields in Mississippi for EOR operations.

Hydrogen Energy California (HECA) Project
HECA will be a 300MW net, coal and petroleum coke-fueled IGCC polygeneration plant (producing hydrogen for both power generation and fertilizer manufacture). Ninety percent of the CO₂ produced will be captured and transported to Elk Hills Oil Field for EOR, enabling recovery of 5 million additional barrels of domestic oil per year.

Summit Texas Clean Energy, LLC: Texas Clean Energy Project
Summit's Texas Clean Energy Project (TCEP) will be a coal-fueled, IGCC-based 400MW power/poly-gen project (also producing urea fertilizer), which will capture 90 percent of its CO₂ in pre-combustion capture. The CO₂ not used in fertilizer manufacture will be used for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in the West Texas Permian Basin.

CO₂ Capture at Coffeyville Resources Nitrogen Fertilizers Plant 
Notwithstanding it gasifies petroleum coke instead of coal and does not include a power generation cycle, the Coffeyville Resources Nitrogen Fertilizers Plant naturally groups with the foregoing examples because the coke gasification-derived syngas is similarly processed to capture CO₂, most of which is utilized in EOR operations in northeastern Oklahoma. Originally, Coffeyville separated CO₂ from the syngas because pure hydrogen is required for ammonia synthesis (and because some CO₂ is required for urea synthesis) but most of the CO₂ had been vented to the atmosphere. Starting in 2013, the bulk of the CO₂ at the plant is now being gainfully utilized for EOR with its accompanying economic and environmental benefits.

Carbon Dioxide

• Carbon Dioxide Capture
• Commercial Carbon Dioxide Uses: Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery
• Carbon Dioxide Capture R&D
• Carbon Dioxide Use and Storage in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Projects
• Pre-Combustion Carbon Dioxide Control Program
• Carbon Storage Technology Program